Turning-lathe



(No Modeln 2 sheetsV sheet 1. O. KROMBR.

TURNING LATHE.

No. 333,016. Patnted Dec. 22, 1885.

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(No Model.)

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. 0. KROMER.

TURNING LAIHE.

No. 333,016. Ia,w 11te f1 Dec. 22, 1885.

NA PETER PhnwLilhagmpher. Wnhingion. nv C.

UNITED STATES l PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO KROMER, OF SANDUSKY, OHIO.

TUvRNlN-G-LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 333,016, dated December 22, 1885. Application filed JuneA, 1885; Serial No. 167,593. (No model.)

-which form a part of this specification.v

This invention relates to certainnew and use? ful improvements in double reversible lathes; and the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of a reversible spi ndle-frame provided with two sets of head and tail stocks so arranged that while the cutters are operating upon the stick in one Set a blank may bel fixed in the opposite set,and t-hen presented to the action of the cutters by rotating the frame,all in the manner hereinafter described.

In the drawings which accompany this speciiication, Figure 1 shows a perspective View of a lathe of known construction and operation, and to which I have applied my invention to illustrate it. Fig. 2 is a vertical central crosssection of the lathe. Fig. 3 is a plan of the reversible frame. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on line x w in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the pivotal support of the reversible frame at the head end, a similar section through the pivotal support at the tail end of the reversible frame being shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a vertical central cross-sec tion through the pivotal support of the tail end of the reversing-frame, showing its manner of securing it in position on the lathe. Fig. 7 is a detached perspective view ofthe pivotalpoint of the tail end of the reversible frame, showing the construction of the tailstocks. Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the axis of one of the dead-spindles.

Thelathe shown in Fig. 1 is of that well-known kind used for turning irregular forms-such as spokes-#and in which the blank is placed between centers in a lathe-head, and is approached and drawn'away from a revolving cutter in accordance with the shape of a pattern,which governs the proximity of the work to the tool.

A is a patternspoke,revolved between centers in the upper part of the swinging frame B.

C and C are the guides which bearV against the pattern on opposite sides, and therebyl govern the position of the swinging frame, ap-

proaching or drawing away the stick D from the cutter-head Ein accordance with the shape of the pattern spoke.

F is the reciprocating carriage,upon which the revolving cutter-head is journaled, and G is the pulley which gives motion to the livespindles of the pattern and of the work.

The lathe is also provided,as is usual in the modern spoke-lathe, with devices for making its work automatic, but which it is not necessary to describe in connectien with my irnprovement,which consists in the following arrangement: l

H is a shaft forming the pivotal support of a reversible frame, of which the head-block I forms one end and the tail-block J the opposite end. The tail-block J is adjustably secured upon the shaft H by means of a setscrew, and engages by means of a spline in a keyway in the shaft H. The head-block I is provided with two head-stocks and the tailblock J with two tail-stooks, arranged upon opposite sides of the shaft H and at equal distances therefrom. The tail-block J is in the form of a circular disk, and by being journaled in the ring-bearing K, which is adjustably clamped to the swinging frame B, as shown lin Fig. 6, it forms one pivot on which the reversible frame rotates, the other pivot being formed by the shaft H, which is journaled in the bearinga,likewise secured to the swinging frame B. The shaft H has sleeved upon it the hollow shaft L,which is provided with the pinions M and N. Intermediate pi-n` ions,O O,communicate power to the pinion M v on the shaft L.

P P are two like pinions meshing with the pinion N, and thereby communicating power to the head-stocks. The head-stocks are journaled in the head-block I,which latter is made in halves, clamped together by bolts b b, and

engaging with a spline into the keyway aof the shaft H.

The live-spindles Q Q- are journaledin th head stocks, and are driven by means of spring-clutches o, one member of each of which IOO to a bracket, f, and is provided with the slot! ted wrist g. The spindles R are secured by means of an adjustable sleeve, h, and a link, i, to a crank, j, the shaft l of which is journaled in bearings k, and has a squared end, Z, adapted to engage in the slotted wrist g. The bracket f, which supports the hand-lever S, is secured to the ring-bearing K, and stops Z2 m are suitably arranged to arrest the swing oi' the lever S in the proper positions corresponding with the retracted and projected positions of the deadspindles.

It will be seen in 7 that the slotted wrist g and squared end Z of the crank-shaft make a breakable connection, which does not interfere with the rotating of the head-block J when the spindles are projected, as shown in Fig. 7.

T is a springbolt secured to the ring-bearing K, and adapted to lock the tail-block J in one of two positions by engaging into one of the two holes m m in the periphery of the tailblock.

U in Fig. 4. is a springdog engaging with a suitable notch, I), or stop on the head-block I, to support the reversible spindle-frame in position against the action of the cutters, but

allow it to be reversed in the opposite direction.

To the end of the shaft H is secured a handlever, V, by means of which the operator reverses his spindleframe.

In practice, while the cutters are operating upon the stick fixed between the rear spindles, the operator secures a blank between the front spindles, and then when the work between the rear spindles is done he reverses the spindle-frame by means of the lever V. Before reversing the operator must retract the spring-bolt T, which latter, as soon as the frame is sufficiently reversed, finds a new engagement and again locks the spindle-frame in place. The spring-dog U simply forms a rest for the reversible frame, so as to steady it against the action of the cutters. It also prevents the turning of the frame in a wrong direction.

It will be seen that both head-stocks are constantly revolving in the same direction; but as soon as the finished work is removed from the front spindles, in order to introduce a fresh blank, the clutch opens and the pin d, engaging with the stop e, arrests the movement of the live-spindle, always in the same specified position, for inserting the blank. As soon as the latter is dogged, the clutch is perfected again and the blank revolves.

In turning irregular work to a pattern, it must be remembered that it is often necessary to dog the stick in a position corresponding to the pattern; and to obtain this corresponding position I provide the clutch with one tooth only and arrest the live-spindle, when the clutch is opened by means of the pin d and stop e.

It is true that as far as the mere form of the work is concerned in making spokes or other goods, two clutch-teeth upon opposite sides of the clutch would answer as well; but as most timber, especially hickory timber, has wood of two colors, it would be beyond the control of the operator to bring the wood of a certain color always on the same side of the finished articles. N ow, in the manufacture of wheels from hickory spokes, for example, it is desirable, on account of the different shrinkage of' the wood, to have the white timber of the spoke always in front of the wheel, and in the use of other products of the lathe similar considerations prevail. It is therefore of practical importance in turning irregular forms to have the reversible spindle-frame so arranged that its reversal will not disturb any specified position of the blank. In the drawings in Fig. l I have also shown how the front guide and front rest may be brought out of the way of the reversible spindle-frame by curving them.

It is obvious that my reversible spindleframe greatly increases the capacity of a lathe, and that it is applicable to most lathes with xed centers; and it is ot' especial application for lathes turning irregular forms-such as spokes, ax handles, plow -handles, dre.; but there is still another use for my improvement, and this is for usingit in connection with two patterns secured in a reverse position, one pattern to be used in running the cutter one way and the other pattern in running it the other way. The lathe would thus be enabled, in swinging the pattern in the same manner as is above described for the blanks, to out a spoke or other article while feeding either way, provided the cutters are made to cut both ways.

Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1. In a lathe, a reversible frame provided with two sets of spindles and pivotally secured to the swinging frame carrying the pattern, substantially as described.

2. In a lathe for cutting irregular forms, a reversible frame pivotally secured to the swinging frame, in which the pattern is fixed, and having two sets of spindles secured to it upon opposite sides ofthe axis on which it rotates, substantially as described.

3. In a lathe for cutting irregular forms, a reversible frame pivotally secured to the swinging frame, in which the pattern is iixed, and having two sets of spindles secured to it upon opposite sides of the axis on which it IOO IIO

rotates, combined with the dog U, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a lathe, the combination, with the reversible spindle-frame and its shaft H, provided with stops, of the head-stock I, forming one end of said reversible frame, and provided with spindles Q Q', and clutches c, provided with pins d, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a lathe, the combination, with the shaft H, frame B, and ring-bearing K, secured to said frame, of the tail-block J, `)'ournaled in said ring-bearing, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a lathe, the combination, with the shaft H, the swinging frame B, pivoted thereon, and the ring-bearing K,adj ustably clamped to said frame, of the tail-blocks J, journaled in said ring-bearing, and provided with the spring-bolt T, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a lathe, the combination, with the shaft Hand the tail-block J, secured thereon, and provided with holes m n, ofthe ring-bearing K, surrounding said tail-block, and provided with the spring-bolt T, adapted to engage said holes, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. In a lathe, the combination, with the reversible spindle-frame and the shaft H, on which it rotates, of the clutches c on the headstock and the spindles Q Q', secured to the loose members of the clutches, substantially as described.

9. In a lathe, the combination, with the reversible spindle-frame, of the clutches c on the head-stock, the loose members of said clutches being provided with pins d, adapted to engage stops e on the shaft H, on which said reversible frame rotates, substantially as described.

10. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame having two sets of spindles, the pinions P P', and clutches c on the head-stocks, the spindles Q Q', secured to the loose members of the clutches, the pins d upon the loose members of the clutches, and the stops e, all arranged substantially as described.

11. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame provided with two sets of spindles, the spring-dog U, and the stops p on the headblock I, forming a part of said reversible frame, substantially as and for the purpose described.

12. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame having two sets of spindles, the tailblock J, forming one end of said reversible frame, the lever S, pivoted to the bracket f and having slotted wrist g, and the crank-shaft Z, for operating the dead-spindle, and having a squared end, Z', substantially as described.

13. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame provided with two sets of spindles, the tail-block J, forming one end ofsaid frame, the bracket f, the lever S, pivoted to said vbracket and having slotted wrist, the crankshaft Z, having squared end Z', the crank g, working in said slotted wrist, the link i, collar h, and dead-spindles R, all arranged substantially as described.

14.. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame provided with two sets of spindles, the tail-block J, forming one end of said reversible frame and adjustably secured to the central shaft, H, of the reversible frame and engaging with a spline into a keyway on said shaft, and the ring-bearing K, provided with a clamping device for securing it adjustably in position, substantially as described.-

15. In combination with the reversible spindle-frame provided with two sets of spindles, the tail-block J, forming one pivot of the reversible frame, the ring-bearing K, surrounding said tail-block, and provided with the spring-bolt T, the lever S, pivoted to the bracket f and having slotted wrist g, the crankshaft Z, provided with squared ends Z', working in said wrist, the crank-armsj, the links i, the collars h, and the dead-spindles R R, all arranged substantially as described.

OTTO KROMER.

Witnesses:

FB. DAHM, G. MILLER. 

